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Add converter docs (#17593)

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* [Audio](feature_audio.md)
* [Bluetooth](feature_bluetooth.md)
* [Bootmagic Lite](feature_bootmagic.md)
* [Converters](feature_converters.md)
* [Custom Matrix](custom_matrix.md)
* [Digitizer](feature_digitizer.md)
* [DIP Switch](feature_dip_switch.md)
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* [Joystick](feature_joystick.md)
* [LED Indicators](feature_led_indicators.md)
* [MIDI](feature_midi.md)
* [Proton C Conversion](proton_c_conversion.md)
* [PS/2 Mouse](feature_ps2_mouse.md)
* [Split Keyboard](feature_split_keyboard.md)
* [Stenography](feature_stenography.md)
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* [Selecting an MCU](platformdev_selecting_arm_mcu.md)
* [Early initialization](platformdev_chibios_earlyinit.md)
* [Raspberry Pi RP2040](platformdev_rp2040.md)
* [Proton C](platformdev_proton_c.md)
* QMK Reference
* [Contributing to QMK](contributing.md)


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# Converters
Since many drop-in replacement controllers now exist, we've done our best to make them easy to use in existing designs.
This page documents the handy automated process for converting keyboards.
### Supported Converters
Currently the following converters are available:
| From | To |
|------------|-------------------|
| `promicro` | `proton_c` |
| `promicro` | `kb2040` |
| `promicro` | `promicro_rp2040` |
See below for more in depth information on each converter.
## Overview
Each converter category is broken down by its declared `pin compatibility`.
This ensures that only valid combinations are attempted.
You can generate the firmware by appending `-e CONVERT_TO=<target>` to your compile/flash command. For example:
```sh
qmk flash -c -kb keebio/bdn9/rev1 -km default -e CONVERT_TO=proton_c
```
You can also add the same `CONVERT_TO=<target>` to your keymap's `rules.mk`, which will accomplish the same thing.
?> If you get errors about `PORTB/DDRB`, etc not being defined, so you'll need to convert the keyboard's code to use the [GPIO Controls](gpio_control.md) that will work for both ARM and AVR. This shouldn't affect the AVR builds at all.
### Conditional Configuration
Once a converter is enabled, it exposes the `CONVERT_TO_<target_uppercase>` flag that you can use in your code with `#ifdef`s, For example:
```c
#ifdef CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C
// Proton C code
#else
// Pro Micro code
#endif
```
## Pro Micro
If a board currently supported in QMK uses a [Pro Micro](https://www.sparkfun.com/products/12640) (or compatible board), the supported alternative controllers are:
| Device | Target |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------|
| [Proton C](https://qmk.fm/proton-c/) | `proton_c` |
| [Adafruit KB2040](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-kb2040) | `kb2040` |
| [SparkFun Pro Micro - RP2040](https://www.sparkfun.com/products/18288) | `promicro_rp2040` |
Converter summary:
| Target | Argument | `rules.mk` | Condition |
|-------------------|---------------------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| `proton_c` | `-e CONVERT_TO=proton_c` | `CONVERT_TO=proton_c` | `#ifdef CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C` |
| `kb2040` | `-e CONVERT_TO=kb2040` | `CONVERT_TO=kb2040` | `#ifdef CONVERT_TO_KB2040` |
| `promicro_rp2040` | `-e CONVERT_TO=promicro_rp2040` | `CONVERT_TO=promicro_rp2040` | `#ifdef CONVERT_TO_PROMICRO_RP2040` |
### Proton C :id=proton_c
The Proton C only has one on-board LED (C13), and by default, the TXLED (D5) is mapped to it. If you want the RXLED (B0) mapped to it instead, add this like to your `config.h`:
```c
#define CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C_RXLED
```
The following defaults are based on what has been implemented for STM32 boards.
| Feature | Notes |
|----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [Audio](feature_audio.md) | Enabled |
| [RGB Lighting](feature_rgblight.md) | Disabled |
| [Backlight](feature_backlight.md) | Forces [task driven PWM](feature_backlight.md#software-pwm-driver) until ARM can provide automatic configuration |
| USB Host (e.g. USB-USB converter) | Not supported (USB host code is AVR specific and is not currently supported on ARM) |
| [Split keyboards](feature_split_keyboard.md) | Partial - heavily dependent on enabled features |
### Adafruit KB2040 :id=kb2040
The following defaults are based on what has been implemented for [RP2040](platformdev_rp2040.md) boards.
| Feature | Notes |
|----------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [RGB Lighting](feature_rgblight.md) | Enabled via `PIO` vendor driver |
| [Backlight](feature_backlight.md) | Forces [task driven PWM](feature_backlight.md#software-pwm-driver) until ARM can provide automatic configuration |
| USB Host (e.g. USB-USB converter) | Not supported (USB host code is AVR specific and is not currently supported on ARM) |
| [Split keyboards](feature_split_keyboard.md) | Partial via `PIO` vendor driver - heavily dependent on enabled features |
### SparkFun Pro Micro - RP2040 :id=promicro_rp2040
Currently identical to [Adafruit KB2040](#kb2040).

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# Proton C
The Proton C is an Arm STM32F303xC based drop-in replacement for the Pro Micro.
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/GdsN1Rdh.jpg" alt="Proton C" />
#### Features
* Through-hole mounted USB-C Port
* 32-bit 72MHz Cortex-M4 processor (STM32F303CCT6)
* I2C, SPI, PWM, DMA, DAC, USART, I2S
* 23x 3.3V I/O Ports
* 1x 5V output for WS2812 LED chains
* 256kB flash
* 40kB RAM
* AST1109MLTRQ speaker footprint
* Reset button
## Warnings
Some of the PCBs compatible with Pro Micro have VCC (3.3V) and RAW (5V) pins connected (shorted) on the pcb. Using the Proton C will short 5V power from USB and regulated 3.3V which is connected directly to the MCU. Shorting those pins may damage the MCU on the Proton C.
So far, it appears that this is only an issue on the Gherkin PCBs, but other PCBs may be affected in this way.
In this case, you may want to not hook up the RAW pin at all.
## Manual Conversion
To use the Proton C natively, without having to specify `CONVERT_TO=proton_c`, you need to change the `MCU` line in `rules.mk`:
```
MCU = STM32F303
BOARD = QMK_PROTON_C
```
Remove these variables if they exist:
* `BOOTLOADER`
* `EXTRA_FLAGS`
Finally convert all pin assignments in `config.h` to the stm32 equivalents.
| Pro Micro Left | Proton C Left | | Proton C Right | Pro Micro Right |
|-----------|----------|-|----------|-----------|
| `D3` | `A9` | | 5v | RAW (5v) |
| `D2` | `A10` | | GND | GND |
| GND | GND | | FLASH | RESET |
| GND | GND | | 3.3v | VCC <sup>1</sup> |
| `D1` | `B7` | | `A2` | `F4` |
| `D0` | `B6` | | `A1` | `F5` |
| `D4` | `B5` | | `A0` | `F6` |
| `C6` | `B4` | | `B8` | `F7` |
| `D7` | `B3` | | `B13` | `B1` |
| `E6` | `B2` | | `B14` | `B3` |
| `B4` | `B1` | | `B15` | `B2` |
| `B5` | `B0` | | `B9` | `B6` |
| `B0` (RX LED) | `C13` <sup>2</sup> | | `C13` <sup>2</sup> | `D5` (TX LED) |
You can also make use of several new pins on the extended portion of the Proton C:
| Left | | Right |
|------|-|-------|
| `A4`<sup>3</sup> | | `B10` |
| `A5`<sup>4</sup> | | `B11` |
| `A6` | | `B12` |
| `A7` | | `A14`<sup>5</sup> (SWCLK) |
| `A8` | | `A13`<sup>5</sup> (SWDIO) |
| `A15` | | RESET<sup>6</sup> |
Notes:
1. On a Pro Micro VCC can be 3.3v or 5v.
2. A Proton C only has one onboard LED, not two like a Pro Micro. The Pro Micro has an RX LED on `D5` and a TX LED on `B0`.
3. `A4` is shared with the speaker.
4. `A5` is shared with the speaker.
5. `A13` and `A14` are used for hardware debugging (SWD). You can also use them for GPIO, but should use them last.
6. Short RESET to 3.3v (pull high) to reboot the MCU. This does not enter bootloader mode like a Pro Micro, it only resets the MCU.

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# Converting a board to use the Proton C
Since the Proton C is a drop-in replacement for a Pro Micro we've made it easy to use. This page documents a handy automated process for converting keyboards, as well as documenting the manual process if you'd like to make use of Proton C features that aren't available on Pro Micros.
## Automatic Conversion
If a board currently supported in QMK uses a Pro Micro (or compatible board) and you want to use the Proton C, you can generate the firmware by appending `CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C=yes` (or `CTPC=yes`) to your make argument, like this:
make 40percentclub/mf68:default CTPC=yes
You can add the same argument to your keymap's `rules.mk`, which will accomplish the same thing.
This exposes the `CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C` flag that you can use in your code with `#ifdef`s, like this:
```c
#ifdef CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C
// Proton C code
#else
// Pro Micro code
#endif
```
If you get errors about `PORTB/DDRB`, etc not being defined, so you'll need to convert the keyboard's code to use the [GPIO Controls](gpio_control.md) that will work for both ARM and AVR. This shouldn't affect the AVR builds at all.
The Proton C only has one on-board LED (C13), and by default, the TXLED (D5) is mapped to it. If you want the RXLED (B0) mapped to it instead, add this like to your `config.h`:
#define CONVERT_TO_PROTON_C_RXLED
## Feature Conversion
These are defaults based on what has been implemented for ARM boards.
| Feature | Notes |
|-------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [Audio](feature_audio.md) | Enabled |
| [RGB Lighting](feature_rgblight.md) | Disabled |
| [Backlight](feature_backlight.md) | Forces [task driven PWM](feature_backlight.md#software-pwm-driver) until ARM can provide automatic configuration |
| USB Host (e.g. USB-USB converter) | Not supported (USB host code is AVR specific and is not currently supported on ARM) |
| [Split keyboards](feature_split_keyboard.md) | Partial - heavily dependent on enabled features |
## Manual Conversion
To use the Proton C natively, without having to specify `CTPC=yes`, you need to change the `MCU` line in `rules.mk`:
```
MCU = STM32F303
BOARD = QMK_PROTON_C
```
Remove these variables if they exist:
* `BOOTLOADER`
* `EXTRA_FLAGS`
Finally convert all pin assignments in `config.h` to the stm32 equivalents.
| Pro Micro Left | Proton C Left | | Proton C Right | Pro Micro Right |
|-----------|----------|-|----------|-----------|
| `D3` | `A9` | | 5v | RAW (5v) |
| `D2` | `A10` | | GND | GND |
| GND | GND | | FLASH | RESET |
| GND | GND | | 3.3v | VCC <sup>1</sup> |
| `D1` | `B7` | | `A2` | `F4` |
| `D0` | `B6` | | `A1` | `F5` |
| `D4` | `B5` | | `A0` | `F6` |
| `C6` | `B4` | | `B8` | `F7` |
| `D7` | `B3` | | `B13` | `B1` |
| `E6` | `B2` | | `B14` | `B3` |
| `B4` | `B1` | | `B15` | `B2` |
| `B5` | `B0` | | `B9` | `B6` |
| `B0` (RX LED) | `C13` <sup>2</sup> | | `C13` <sup>2</sup> | `D5` (TX LED) |
You can also make use of several new pins on the extended portion of the Proton C:
| Left | | Right |
|------|-|-------|
| `A4`<sup>3</sup> | | `B10` |
| `A5`<sup>4</sup> | | `B11` |
| `A6` | | `B12` |
| `A7` | | `A14`<sup>5</sup> (SWCLK) |
| `A8` | | `A13`<sup>5</sup> (SWDIO) |
| `A15` | | RESET<sup>6</sup> |
Notes:
1. On a Pro Micro VCC can be 3.3v or 5v.
2. A Proton C only has one onboard LED, not two like a Pro Micro. The Pro Micro has an RX LED on `D5` and a TX LED on `B0`.
3. `A4` is shared with the speaker.
4. `A5` is shared with the speaker.
5. `A13` and `A14` are used for hardware debugging (SWD). You can also use them for GPIO, but should use them last.
6. Short RESET to 3.3v (pull high) to reboot the MCU. This does not enter bootloader mode like a Pro Micro, it only resets the MCU.

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